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S.~Abiteboul and C.~Beeri.
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Malcolm Atkinson, Francois Ban\c{c}ilhon, David~De Witt, Klaus Dittrich, David
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\newblock The Object-Oriented Database System Manifesto.
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R.M. Amadio and L.~Cardelli.
\newblock Subtyping Recursive Types.
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M.P. Atkinson, K.J. Chisholm, and W.P. Cockshott.
\newblock {PS-Algol}: An Algol with a Persistent Heap.
\newblock {\em ACM SIGPLAN Notices}, 17(7), July 1981.

\bibitem[AFS89]{AFS89}
S.~Abiteboul, P.C. Fischer, and H.J. Schek.
\newblock {\em Nested Relations and Complex Objects in Databases}, volume 361
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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H.~A{\"i}t-Kaci and R.~Nasr.
\newblock Integrating logic and functional programming.
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M.P. Atkinson and R.~Morrison.
\newblock Polymorphic Names and Iterations.
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\newblock Types, Bindings and Parameters in a Persistent Environment.
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\newblock Bulk Types for Large Scale Programming.
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M.~Atkinson, P.~Richard, and P.~Trinder.
\newblock Bulk Types for Large Scale Programming.
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\bibitem[BCC{\etalchar{+}}88]{BCCDM88}
A.L. Brown, R.C.H. Connor, R.~Carrick, A.~Dearle, and R.~Morrison.
\newblock The Persistent Abstract Machine.
\newblock PPRR 59-88, Universities of Glasgow and St Andrews, March 1988.

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R.~Burstall and B.~Lampson.
\newblock A kernel language for abstract data types and modules.
\newblock In {\em Semantics of Data Types}, volume 173 of {\em Lecture Notes in
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M.L. Brodie and J.~Mylopoulos.
\newblock Knowledge Bases vs.\ Data Bases.
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\bibitem[BMS84]{BMS84}
M.L. Brodie, J.~Mylopoulos, and J.W. Schmidt, editors.
\newblock {\em On Conceptual Modelling, Perspectives from Artificial
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\newblock Springer-Verlag, 1984.

\bibitem[BMW84]{BMW84}
A.~Borgida, J.~Mylopoulos, and H.K.T. Wong.
\newblock Generalization / Specialization as a Basis for Software
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A.~Borgida.
\newblock Modeling class hierarchies with contradictions.
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\newblock On the Development of Data Models.
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\newblock Functional Programming and Databases.
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\newblock Types for Data-Oriented Languages.
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\bibitem[CDG{\etalchar{+}}88]{Card88}
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G.~Copeland and D.~Maier.
\newblock Making Smalltalk a database system.
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\bibitem[Dea89]{Dea89}
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\newblock The Definition of {Standard ML}.
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\newblock Conception, Evolution, and Application of Functional Programming
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\newblock Limitations of Record-Based Information Models.
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\newblock Incremental compilation in the O$_2$ database system.
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\newblock Implementation of Argus.
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\bibitem[LR89]{LeRi89}
C.~L\'ecluse and P.~Richard.
\newblock The O$_2$ Database Programming Language.
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\bibitem[MB89]{MyBr89}
J.~Mylopoulos and M.L. Brodie, editors.
\newblock {\em Readings in artificial intelligence and databases}.
\newblock Morgan Kaufmann publishers, 1989.

\bibitem[MBCD89]{NapierRep}
R.~Morrison, A.L. Brown, R.~Connor, and A.~Dearle.
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\newblock PPRR 77-89, Universities of Glasgow and St Andrews, 1989.

\bibitem[MBW80]{MyBeWo80}
J.~Mylopoulos, P.~Bernstein, and H.K.T. Wong.
\newblock A Language Facility for Designing Database-Intensive Applications.
\newblock {\em ACM Transactions on Database Systems}, 5(2):185--207, June 1980.

\bibitem[Mey88]{Meyer88}
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\newblock {\em Object-oriented Software Construction}.
\newblock International Series in Computer Science. Prentice Hall, 1988.

\bibitem[Mey90]{Meyer90}
B.~Meyer.
\newblock Lessons from the Design of the Eiffel Libraries.
\newblock {\em Communications of the ACM}, 33(9):69--88, September 1990.

\bibitem[Mos89]{Moss89}
J.E.B. Moss.
\newblock Addressing Large Distributed Collections of Persistent Objects: The
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\newblock In {\em Proc. of the 2nd Workshop on Database Programming Languages,
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\bibitem[MOS91]{MOS91}
F.~Matthes, A.~Ohori, and J.W. Schmidt.
\newblock Typing Schemes for Objects with Locality.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the Kiev East/West Workshop on Next Generation
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\bibitem[MS89]{MaSc89}
F.~Matthes and J.W. Schmidt.
\newblock The Type System of {DBPL}.
\newblock In {\em Proc. of the 2nd Workshop on Database Programming Languages,
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\bibitem[OBBT89]{OBBT89}
A.~Ohori, P.~Buneman, and V.~Breazu-Tannen.
\newblock Database Programming in {Machiavelli} -- a Polymorphic Language with
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\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the ACM-SIGMOD International Conference on
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J.~Richardson and M.~Carey.
\newblock Programming Constructs for Database System Implementation in EXODUS.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the ACM-SIGMOD International Conference on
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T.W. Reps and T.~Teitelbaum.
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\newblock Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, 1988.

\bibitem[SBK{\etalchar{+}}88]{S*88}
J.W. Schmidt, M.~Bittner, H.~Klein, H.~Eckhardt, and F.~Matthes.
\newblock {DBPL System}: The Prototype and its Architecture.
\newblock DBPL Memo 111-88, Fachbereich Informatik, Johann Wolfgang
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\bibitem[SCB{\etalchar{+}}86]{S*86}
C.~Schaffert, T.~Cooper, B.~Bullis, M.~Kilian, and C.~Wilpolt.
\newblock An Introduction to Trellis/Owl.
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\bibitem[Sch77]{Schm77}
J.W. Schmidt.
\newblock Some High Level Language Constructs for Data of Type Relation.
\newblock {\em ACM Transactions on Database Systems}, 2(3), September 1977.

\bibitem[SDDS86]{SDD*86}
J.T. Schwartz, R.B.K. Dewar, E.~Dubinski, and E.~Schonberg.
\newblock {\em Programming with Sets: An Introduction to SETL}.
\newblock Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, 1986.

\bibitem[SEM88]{SEM88}
J.W. Schmidt, H.~Eckhardt, and F.~Matthes.
\newblock {DBPL Report}.
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\bibitem[SFL81]{SFL81}
J.M. Smith, S.~Fox, and T.~Landers.
\newblock Reference Manual for Adaplex.
\newblock Technical report, Computer Corporation of America, Cambridge, Mass.,
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\bibitem[SM89]{ScMa89}
J.W. Schmidt and F.~Matthes.
\newblock Advances in Database Programming: On Concepts, Languages and
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\newblock In {\em Proc. 16th SOFSEM'89}, \v{Z}diar, High Tatra, \v{C}SSR,
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\newblock Available through Hamburg University.

\bibitem[SM90a]{ScMa90}
J.W. Schmidt and F.~Matthes.
\newblock {DBPL} Language and System Manual.
\newblock Esprit Project 892 MAP 2.3, Fachbereich Informatik, Universit\"at
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\bibitem[SM90b]{ScMa90a}
J.W. Schmidt and F.~Matthes.
\newblock Language Technology for Post-Relational Data Systems.
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\bibitem[SM91]{ScMa90b}
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\newblock Naming Schemes and Name Space Management in the DBPL Persistent
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\newblock Database Abstractions: Aggregation and Generalization.
\newblock {\em ACM Transactions on Database Systems}, 2(2):105--133, June 1977.

\bibitem[SS91]{StSh91}
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\bibitem[SSS90]{SFSS90}
L.~Stemple, D.~Fegaras, T.~Sheard, and A.~Socorro.
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\bibitem[Sto90]{Ston90}
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\bibitem[WL81]{WeLi81}
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